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Digital Economy and Society Index


 

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Health safety knowledge in Portugal and Spain

This article examines how being motivated by disease prevention (“safety”) or pleasure promotion (“pleasure”) shapes the way people construe sexual health and pursue their sexual goals.

Public presentation of the Dossier on "Research and Innovation in Portugal and Spain"

What are the decisive factors in a country's research and innovation systems? What about the links between science and business? We present the new Dossier of the Social Observatory of the "la Caixa" Foundation.

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Scientists and engineers by sex

Portugal, together with Denmark, is an exception within the framework of the EU-27 and has percentages of women scientists and engineers that slightly exceed the European average.

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PhD qualifications by different branches of knowledge and by sex

While the participation of female PhD holders in Portugal is situated above the EU‑27 average in all fields of knowledge considered, in Spain the participation of female PhD holders is situated below the European average in the fields of art, humanities and social sciences.

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Percentage of people who view themselves as above their parents or grandparents on the social ladder

Percentage of people who view themselves as above their parents or grandparents on the social ladder


Some 29% of Spaniards have a social position above that of their parents, and over 40% believe they have risen above their grandparents on the social ladder.

Number of generations necessary so that those born in families with low incomes can reach the average level of income in their society

Number of generations necessary so that those born in families with low incomes can reach the average level of income in their society


In Spain, according to this indicator, it takes four generations to improve the incomes of families with precarious finances.

Fertility rate

Fertility rate


The fertility rate in Spain is 1.23 children per woman, the second lowest rate among European Union countries.